There is no way to get around Jinzhou in the western Liaoning corridor. The army is stuck here, which means cutting off Russian reinforcements and occupying Lianshan, which means encircling Huludao.

After the invasion of Jinzhou, the British Russia will definitely declare war on the Great War, and then both of them will come in the East, which will make Britain somewhat afraid that a great war will break out in the country. After a long time, both sides will not be able to recover their vitality, so that Britain can enjoy a rare breath of relaxation and strengthen Britain’s power in the East at this time. Even if the two countries recover, they will be able to compete with Britain for dominance in East Asia in the future.
But to Britain’s surprise, Russia didn’t declare war, because Germany intervened in Bismarck’s mediation and invited Russia and the representative to discuss the Bohai Bay issue in Berlin, and both countries accepted the invitation.
The Germans suddenly jumped out, which made Britain feel very strange. Bismarck was in charge of German politics, and Bismarck has been pushing Russia eastward. This is very white in Britain. So, isn’t it enough for Bismarck to let Russia advance eastward and fight against the eastern powers?
But at this time, why did Germany jump out to mediate? Not by any means. Russia is a good cause. Since last year, Germany has broken out a trade war with Russia.
The war was first started by Bismarck.
Russian czar Alexander II succeeded to the throne after being assassinated by the populist in 11 years. Alexander III attached great importance to economic development, presided over and formulated economic development plans to promote Russia’s rapid industrialization, but the economic structure was backward. Russia was seriously short of capital. Germany was the largest importer of Russian businessmen, and trade with Germany was the most important source of funds, while Russian exporters to Germany were mainly grain.
Germany is an industrial country, but the agricultural conditions are not good, the population is growing rapidly, and the grain gap is getting bigger and bigger. About one quarter to one fifth of the grain needs to be imported, and Russia is the best place for them to import. Bismarck presided over the German government and signed a phase treaty with Russia to lobby for the grain import tax rate in exchange for Russia’s preferential tax rate for German industry.
In the case of complementary industries, trade developed rapidly and became each other’s largest trading country.
However, in Bismarck’s eyes, the economy is always the second, and politics is the first consideration. In the face of political interests, the economy has to make concessions from Bismarck’s policy at any time.
Bismarck’s alliance with Austria-Hungary’s alliance with the Russian Empire is aimed at isolating France. Compared with Austria-Hungary, Russia is not a place for Germany to believe that its allies are in conflict with Austria-Hungary. Bismarck will be on the side of Austria-Hungary.
In 177, the Russian-Turkish war broke out, and Russia finally won a brilliant victory. However, Britain did not allow Russia to cross the Turkish Strait to eliminate the naval threat. Bismarck called a meeting in Berlin, and finally Russia gave up a large number of grabs, which greatly improved Germany’s position in Turkey, but at the same time made Russia quite dissatisfied with Germany.
In 15 years, the crisis between Bulgaria and Serbia broke out, and Russia and Bulgaria signed a secret agreement to try to control Bulgaria’s pro-Russian faction. The failure of a coup led Bulgaria to expel Russian advisers and troops and turn to Austria-Hungary, which led to the collapse of Austria-Hungary Russia.
In order to prevent Germany from participating in the war, Russia quickly approached France in an attempt to contain Germany. Faced with the threat from France and Russia, Bismarck was forced to take measures to prepare for war and impose economic sanctions. The tax rate on Russian exports of wheat and oats to Germany increased by 5%
Russia retaliated by announcing that foreigners are forbidden to own real estate in the western provinces of Russia. This move is mainly aimed at Germany. Due to historical reasons, there are a large number of German immigrants in Russia. Many of them followed the czar and German princesses entered Russia, mainly living in the Volga River and the Don River valley and operating small farms. Russia banned foreigners from owning land, which directly led to the loss of their farms by German immigrants.
Bismarck also issued Lombardy Act to cancel Russia’s issuance of bonds in Berlin, so that Russia would directly transfer the state funds to Paris and immediately obtain a loan of 100 million francs from the French government. In the last three years, Paris replaced Berlin as Russia’s main overseas financier. From 1 to 19, Russia issued 2.4 billion francs of securities in France.
Under the trade protection policy of Alexander III, Russia’s industry developed at a high speed, and the import tax was greatly increased. The biggest victim was that Germany broke out in a trade war between the two sides. Before the high tax, Germany was the largest importer of Russia. Since 16 years, German industry has occupied more than 40% of the Russian market, and in 177, it reached 47%. By 1990, the proportion of Germany in the Russian industrial import market had dropped to 27%.
This situation has seriously affected the two countries’ refusal to lend money to Russia from last year, that is, in 17 years. German banks refused to accept Russian securities as collateral. On the one hand, it is the continuation of the trade war. On the other hand, it is the most important thing to impose sanctions on Russia’s pro-France. Do you want to see the Russian economy continue to develop and become stronger?
Although Germany and Russia have a nominal Covenant, both countries are in conflict in both the 175 crisis and the 15-year crisis.
However, the British know that the capital for Russia’s construction of the Chaktu Railway mainly comes from Germany. In recent years, the benefits of the Chaktu Railway are ultimately higher than that of the Dongqing Railway without Dalian’s import base. With the help of this railway, China merchants have been forced to trade in Chaktu, and Russian merchants Shanxi merchants have once again become Russia’s largest tea supplier.
At this time, Bismarck renewed his promise to lend money to Russia on the condition that Russia must completely improve the operating efficiency of the Qiatu Railway at the estuary of northern China.
In the name of Bismarck, Russia needs high railway efficiency and thus high repayment ability to give loans to Russia. It seems that everything is commercial. However, Bismarck firmly supports Russia’s will to move eastward. Once Russia has access to the sea in northern China, it will fall into an endless conflict with Britain, and Russian forces will not be able to transfer back when they want to.
Both Bismarck’s loan to Russia and his refusal to lend to Russia are actually for political purposes, and economic interests are always secondary.
But why does Germany want to mediate between Russia and the big dispute?
Because Germany is not optimistic, Russia can keep this port at this time.
If Russia can’t keep its port from being hit head-on and driven back to land again, its expansion to East Fang Haiyang will surely stop, just as after they were beaten by Britain and France in the Crimean War, Malaysia ended its expansion to the Mediterranean and expanded to weak Central Asia and the East.
If Russia’s expansion in the East is curbed this time, they will flow in one direction through the grassland like water, and where is that direction?
The expansion to Central Asia has come to an end, and India is only separated by an Afghanistan. Britain has occupied the fortress in Afghanistan, which has strongly blocked Russia’s expansion to Persia, and it is not allowed by Britain to enter the Persian Gulf. So where is Russia’s further expansion direction? It seems that there is no other direction except the West.
Once Russia changes its expansion direction, the west is close to Russia and Germany is bound to bear the brunt, while the western border of Germany is still facing a Franco-Prussian war, and France has been seeking revenge. There is no doubt that Germany will be caught in the dilemma of being attacked by France and Russia on both sides, which is the price of Bismarck’s political fate.
Bismarck never wanted to see Russia’s expansion in the East blocked by people.
However, the general direction of politics and diplomacy can be twisted according to the situation, but it can’t be twisted. Who made Russia’s eastward advancement encounter a great rise
Bismarck suffered from no coping means, and at this time a lot of ways were sent to him.
At a reception, the ambassador to Germany casually asked Bismarck and Russia if there was any room for relaxation, and whether they could stop the upcoming war through big concessions.
Bismarck said that finding the sea port is Russia’s unchangeable policy, and it is difficult to change its strategic direction. The Minister asked if Russia can give up its occupation of Huludao if it is willing to accept Russia’s peace and benefit, such as Qinhuangdao Port, which is close to Huludao.
I don’t know whether it was intentional or intentional, but the minister gave Bismarck an excellent plan to temporarily stop Russia’s expansion but keep the contradiction good.
Section seven hundred and twenty-five Great procrastination
Bismarck thought that if he could make concessions to Russia just before the war, Bismarck felt that he had enough reason to say that Russia accepted peace.
The reason is very simple. The just-concluded French war proves that the western countries are not able to confront the newly-rising power in East Asia. It is not that the national strength of the western countries is not as great as that of the western countries, but that the distance of 10 thousand kilometers has greatly weakened the ability of the western countries to project their strength to the East.
France can also mobilize nearly one million troops to enter Vietnam to gain a big advantage in confrontation. Russia absolutely has no such ability. The Siberian water absolute law supports a war of one million people. The Russians themselves have their own experience and lessons. Peter the Great fought against Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty. Nebuchadnezzar was also in a dilemma in France in Vietnam, that is, he was besieged by China for a long time and finally had to surrender.
It is even more impossible to choose to enter the East by sea, not to mention that the French fleet suffered a devastating blow after crossing the ocean. The Russian navy is far less than France. Just saying the word Britain can make Russia even have no idea of sea warfare.